Building construction



May 26, 1936. D. w. WELLS 2,042,438

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed May 23, 1934 Y '2 Sheets-Sheet 1- Don W VVeZZs Attorney May 26, 1936. D. w. WELLS BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mmwsxmx-Emxmam Filed May 25, 1934 A ttorney;

Patented May 26, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 16 Claims.

This invention relates to building construction, and one of the objects of the invention is to provide simple means for forming the Walls and floors of buildings of cementitious material, without the necessity for forming rigid molds for the cementitious material.

A further object of the invention is to provide a frame of simple construction, which can be manufactured at low cost, and which can be readily employed for attachment to a reticulated sheet material and lathing material; also to accomplish this without the necessity for employing special tools; or highly skilled mechanics.

A further object of the invention is to provide a frame member such as referred to above, to be used as an element in wall and floor construction, and which is so constructed as to facilitate its attachment to a reticulated sheet material, which is to be embedded in a cementitious material, to construct said frame members in such a way that they can be readily secured to the reticulated sheet material, and to provide for attaching a lathing material.

7 A further object of the invention is to provide a building construction, which can be readily employed for forming hollow walls of cementitous material, and easily insulated, outside or inside, or through the whole thickness of wall.

A further object of the invention is to provide simple means for setting up a skeleton wall of metal, enabling a cementitious material to be readily applied to the skeleton to form an outer wall integral with columns or studs, and without necessity for employing rigid walls for the pouring of cementitious material.

A further object of the invention is to provide a simple metallic skeleton to facilitate the formation of floors of cementitious material with beams below the same.

A further object of the invention is to provide a simple skeleton construction to be employed in forming a building wall, and to construct the same in such a way as to minimize the conducting of heat through the wall.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved wall construction, particularly adapted to forming light partition walls.

Another object of the invention is to provide a simple construction of the type referred to above, and which will result in producing substantially fireproof building construction.

A further object of the invention is to provide a fireproof construction, made up of simple members that require no special shop work for erection.

Further objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the novel parts and combination of parts to be described hereinafter, all of which contribute to produce an efficient building construction.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is described in the following specification, while the broad scope of the invention is pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a horizontal section taken through a skeleton construction set up for forming a wall and stud, and indicating means for facilitating the attachment of metal lathing to the inner side of the wall for receiving plaster.

Fig. 2 is a perspective of a frame member, which I prefer to employ as an element in constructing the Walls and floors of the building embodying my invention. 7

Fig. 3 is a perspective showing a section of a wall constructed in accordance with my invention, but before the cementitious material has been applied to the skeleton frame.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section corresponding to Fig. 1, but showing the wall complete with the cementitious material applied to form the outer panel of the wall and a stud. This view also illustrates plaster applied to metal lathing at the inner side of the wall.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4, but illustrating an embodiment of the construction in which insulating material may be poured in the wall space between the plaster and the exterior panel of the wall-to form an insulated building capable of greatly reducing the passage of heat through the wall.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section through a wall at a column or stud, and also passing through a floor at a beam.

- Fig. 7 is a horizontal section illustrating how my invention adapts itself for forming a wall intersection at the corner of a building.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section taken on the line 88 of Fig. 6, and passing through a portion of a floor and through a floor beam. 7

Fig. 9 is a horizontal section illustrating the adaptation of my invention to the formation of a light wall construction such as employed in forming partition Walls. This view also illustrates a construction involving the use of a spacer for giving rigidity to alight partition Wall.

Fig. 10 is a perspective further illustrating the construction of a partition wall illustrated in Fig. 9, and particularly illustrating the spacer referred to. in the manner of employing the means is preferably in the same.

7 Referring more particularly to the parts, and especially to Figs. 1 to 4, in practicing my invention I provide a plurality of frame members, or frames l, and these frames are preferably in the form of A-frames with two arms 2, which are formed by bending strap metal to form an angle or apex 3. The ends of the legs are formed with hooks 4 of bifurcated form, and between the hooks the metal is stamped inwardly to provide integral means. for engaging cooperating members in the wall or floor construction. This stamped inwardly. In-this way, the hooks ,4 would'be of bifurcated form. I also prefer to provide means integral with the arms for engaging wires extending transversely to the plane 7 of the frames I, for a purpose whichw'ill appear hereinafter. This means consists of two small fingers 6, whichare struck from the inner edges of the sockets I that are formed between the individual hooks 4a that form the bifurcated hooks 4. These fingers 6 are preferably bent inwardly at the sockets, (see Fig. 2).

Adjacent the angle or apex 3, 1 provide means for securing each A-frame to a stringer extending transversely to the plane of the frames to connect them, and this means, if desired, may be integral with the frames for securing lathing material for forming the plasterside of the .wall,

' trated in Fig.

,or for forming a plaster ceiling. This means may consist of two tongues 8 and 9, which if desired may be struck from the material and pressed outwardly in some such manner as illus- 2. It is not essential to have these parts integral with'the frames. In this way, two oppositely disposed tongues 8 are formed projecting from the angle 3, and two oppositely disposed tongues 9 are'formed projecting in a similar manner 7 On the sides of the arms'2 and near the apex if desired, integral tongues II! can be struck outwardly from the material to form seats for insulating boards, as will be described in connection with Fig. 1, and also if desiredat this point,

long tongues H may be struck inwardly, toextend into the interior of the cement stud, molded" or poured intothe space surrounded by the .A-frames. IThese frames I constitute an important element in the construction of walls and floors in practicing my invention.

Referring now to Figs. 3 ,and 6, informing a wall, I set up a reticulated sheet material II, and this sheet materialis preferably of 2" wire mesh in ordinary wall construction, comprising equidistant horizontal bars or wires l2, and. equidistant vertical bars allyby the numeral l3; These bars are usually welded together at their intersections when the material is received from the factory. This material is usually supplied in rolls, and the material can be taken from the rolls as desired.

Having set up the reticulated sheet material II, I attach a plurality of A-frames l in vertical alignment, by hooking the hooks 4a onto two of the vertical rods [3, the samebeingindicated specifically'by the numerals l5 (see'Fig.

1).- Adjacent to the ends of the arms 2, and preferably located in the'sockets 1, I providehorizontal runners I 4, which are preferably of angle-form with the flanges of the angle projecting outwardly toward the wire mesh H, and the edges of these flanges seat against the inner sides of the vertical wires [3' of the mesh. I

connect the A-frames. form of a tongue 5' i I then apply or wires indicated gener-.

then bend down the tongues 5 as indicated in Fig. 1, so that their ends are jammed against the outer edges or angle of each runner. this, the tongues 5 can be slightly bowed so that their resilience assists in retaining them in their tight condition.

At the angles 3 of the A-frames which lie adjacent the inner side of the wall, I provide a metal stringer 19, which is of saddle-form, presenting diverging flanges that lie over the arms 2 adjacent the angle 3, vertically throughout the position, they are'secured by any suitable means.

In thepresentdrawings this is accomplished by bending the tongues or fingers 9 down over their outer sides as indicated in Fig. 1. This leaves the fingers or tongues 8 still projecting outwardly, and these fingers are utilized to secure metal lathing material 20, indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 1. In this way I form a hollow wall skeleton with molding spaces sheeting l6 along the inner sides of the runners l4, so that this sheeting is spaced from the plane of the wire mesh l I. This sheeting is carried inwardly from the outer side of the wall so ,as to pass over the outer faces of the stringers frames. This'sheeting may be of any suitable continuous material, such as tar paper, or any other suitable material. In order to secure this sheeting neatly on the aligned A-frame, I provide vertical wires II that pass through the eyes I8 that are formed by the bent fingers 6 between their bights and the outer faces of the arms 2, (see Fig. 1). The fingers 6 should be bent down around these wires. These hold the'outer portions of the web or sheeting l6 fiat against the arms 2. If desired, horizontal runners-22 maybe provided, consisting of horizontal angle bars running horizontally. In the present instance they are illustrated as run-: ning inside of the vertical stringers l9; and if desired, vertical reinforcing bars 23 and 24 may be provided and tied in position with light wire ties 25. If it is desired to insulate the wall, this can be accomplished by providing panels 26 of insulating material laid on the projecting tongues I0, which form seats for the same.

Now the wall is ready to be poured or"shotf with a cement gun.

up, the cement is shot into the molding space 2| to form a stud 21, which will be integral with. the outer section 28 of the wall. Stucco .(notillustrated), can be applied to the outer face of the wall. Any suitable cementitious material may be applied for forming the outer wall sec-, 7

In doing wires.

7 In doing this, the cement. is shot against the sheeting. IBuntil the'wire' mesh I3 is embedded, and as the wall is'built These stringers extend height of the wall, and After they are put in 2| to form studs.

I9 and envelop the aligned A- and fireproofs the studs. If the studs are deep 7 or high, it may be necessary to brace the side faces of the web or sheeting by putting in intermediately located brace wires Ila. These wires will back up the web and enable the web to hold the cement or concrete if the studs are poured. If the studs are poured the wall between the studs can be shot or hand-plastered as may be desired.

The tongues 5, of course, increase the anchoring efiect of the A-frames in the studs, but if desired to increase the anchoring effect, this can be accomplished by bending the tongues ll inwardly as indicated in Fig. 1, so that they too, are embedded in the cement.

In the construction of very'light walls where it is necessary to provide for bracing the inner and outer sections of the wall without necessitating the use of studding at all points where the A-frames are aligned, I may blank out some of the studs by laying a shield back of the runners I4, as indicated by the dotted line 3| in Fig. 1. This shield can be made of sheeting like the web l6, or a board 3m indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1, may be set up to close the outer side of the skeleton stud to retain poured concrete, and the walls hand-plastered.

In case it is desired to employ a molded insulating material instead of previously molded panels of this material, I may provide for accomplishing this in the manner indicated in Fig. 5. In doing this, I run a second web 32 of sheeting material over the angles of the studs, as indicated in Fig. 5, and provide wires 33 held in place by integral fingers 34 on the arms 20. (see Fig. 5), for holding this outer web 32 in position. This web can be placed at a considerable distance from the metal lathing 34 so as to form a molding space into which the insulating material 35 can be poured.

Substantially the same procedure is employed using my A-frames for forming floors and ceilings. This is illustrated in Fig. 8, in which 3'! indicates 2" wire mesh supported about the floor level. The A-frames 38 are hung downwardly on their hooks 39 in longitudinal alignment and their lower ends are connected by a stringer 40, which is secured to the A-frames by integral fingers or tongues similar to the tongues or fingers 8 and 9, as described in connection with Fig. 4. Horizontal wires 4| are strung along the outer sides of the arms of the A-frames, like the wires IT. This enables webbing or sheeting 42 to be run along under the wire mesh and spaced sufficiently below the same to enable the cement floor 43 to be shot or laid over the sheeting 42, and this sheeting extends under the frames enabling beams to be formed integral with the floors. This beam should have a reinforcing rod 44 laid in its lower portion as a tension member, and if desired, an upper reinforcing rod 45 may be provided, but this is not essential in a beam construction. At the stringers 40, metal lath 46 is attached in the manner illustrated in connection with Fig. 4, and this metal lath 46 will support plaster 41 for the ceiling.

In placing the cement to form the beam 43, the cement will bulge the webbing 42 along the sides of the arms, so as to flow under the arms of the frames 38, and embed them in the cement, forming a fireproof structure.

In Fig. 6, I illustrate a beam intersecting with the stud 21. There is no difliculty about forming this intersection. It is preferable to provide an A-frame 48 in the stud at about the level of the plaster 49 that extends under the lower edge of the beam at the ceiling wire lath 50. It is also preferable to provide a similar A-frame 49 in a vertical plane, aligning with the other A-frames that form the beam.

The webbing that extends into the intersection from the stud and from the beam, is preferably cut so that the two webs meet each other and overlap on an inclined line 50.

If it is necessary to carry the Wall above the floor 5|, the upper wall is tied to the beams and the lower wall, by permitting the ends of the stringers 52 to extend up above the floor level. These stringers 52 correspond to the stringers 9. It is also advisable to extend the reinforcing 53 corresponding to the reinforcing bar 23 illustrated in Fig. 1. These parts 52 and 53 facilitate making a good anchorage for the upper wall.

In forming an intersection or corner for two walls, this is preferably accomplished as indicated in Fig. 7. In doing this, I provide a plurality of vertically aligned A-frames 54 at each side of the corner 55. The webbing 56 is supported in a vertical plane back of the wire mesh 51, and is run up along the outer sides of the A-frames remote from the corner 55, the end of the web being secured under vertical stringers 58 corresponding to the stringers l9 and secured in place in the same manner as illustrated in Fig. 3. The wire mesh 51 extends out on both intersecting walls to the corner 55.

Horizontal runners 59 extend along the inner sides of the frames. The plaster 60 on the inner sides of the walls can be applied first, against metal lath 6|, and if desired, a vertical angle stringer 62 can be run in the inside corner 63. The cement for forming the outer section 64 of the wall, is shot against the webbing 56, and fills the space surrounded by the A-frames 54, and also fills the space between these A-frames so as to form a solid cement corner 65.

In Figs. 9 and 10, I illustrate the use of my invention in forming a light partition wall 66. This wall is shown in horizontal section in Fig. 9. I provide a plurality of A-frames 61 in vertical alignment, and spaced apart to form light studs. These vertically aligned A-frames are connected by vertical stringers Isa at their angles, and by vertical stringers 191) at their hooks 4c, and by horizontal runners 68 of angle metal inside of the stringers. They are tied to the A-frames in any suitable manner such as described herein, and metal lath E9 is set up on each face of this skeleton frame. To this metal lath 69, plaster 10 is applied. If this partition must carry a load, it should have a web run on each side of it like the web l6, and have concrete poured into it. In this construction, where the partition is not supporting any load, the skeleton studs formed of vertical aligned A-frames 61, may be spaced a considerable distance apart, in which case I provide strut braces such as the brace H, located between the run ners 68 and midway between the skeleton columns or studs. Each of these braces ll consists of an elongated plate having a notch 12 at each end, to receive an angle 13 of the adjacent runner. In the ends of the braces 7!, vertical angle stringers 14 are placed, and these are tied to the outer sides of the runners 68 by integral fingers 15, on the ends of the braces, which are bent around the outer sides of the vertical stringers, as illustrated in Fig. 10.

Referring again to Fig. 4, if desired, a plurality of runners such as the runner ?6, may be provided for tying the inner ends of the A- frames together horizontally. In this instance the runner is located just inside of the vertical. stringer l9, and may be tied to the stringer in any suitable manner.

It will be evident that in accordance with my invention, a building can be constructed in a very simple manner,

a the outer sides of of frames, each and without employing special tools, enabling ton floors to be readily set up, which-can be shot with cementitious material to form a substantial building construction.

, A building'constructed in accordance with my invention, is very readily insulated; In this connection, it will be noted that all heat'pas'sing in or out throughthe wall, must p'ass'through the vetrical stringers l9, and these-stringers themselves, are completely embedded in the stucco or plaster applied to the inner side of the skeleton wall. My invention enables substantially fireproof reinforced cement buildings to be erected at a relatively low cost. I

The skeleton wall is so light that in practice, an entire side wall, or a section of it may be set up in a factory and thenmoved outfand set up on the'foundation of the house to be erected. This would effect a considerable saving in labor cost. If it is desired to ship the 'A-frames to distant points they should merely have their; tongues and integral fingers out out, but left in the plane of the side bars. This enables them to be nested for shipment incompact form.

It is understood that the embodiment of the invention described herein, is only one ofthe many embodiments this invention mat take, and I do not wish to be limited in the practice of the invention, nor in the claims, to the particular embodiment set forth.

' What 'I claim is:--' r t 1. In a building construction, the combination ofa reticulated sheet material, a plurality of aligned frames, each frame having a pair of arms with means formed integrally on their ends for engaging into the reticulated sheet material, a sheeting material covering the inner side of the reticulated sheet material and extending ,along'the sides of said arms so as to envelop the outer sides of the same, a stringer extending past said frames and located remote from'the reticulated material, means for tying the stringer to the said frames, and for attaching sheet lathing material at the inner said stringer. U

2. In a building construction, the combination of a reticulated sheet material having a plurality of substantially parallel bars, a plurality of frames, each frame having a pair of arms with means formed integrally on their ends for engaging a pair of said bars, a sheeting material covering the inner side of the reticulated sheet material and extending along the sides of said arms so as to envelop same, a stringer extending longitudinally with the said bars and located remote from the reticulatecl material, means for tying the stringer to the said, frames, sheet lathing material attached at the inner side of said stringer, a runner extending transversely to the said bars and located adjacent the ends of the bars, and means formed integrally on the said arms for jamming the runner against the said bars.

3. In' a building construction, tion of a reticulated sheet material having a plurality of substantially parallel bars, a plurality frame having a pair of diverging arms with hooks formed integrally adjacent their ends to be hooked onto a pair of said bars,

a sheeting material covering the inner, side of the reticulated sheet material andextending along the sides of said arms so as to envelop the said frames, a stringer of saddle-form extending substantially parallel to skeleton walls and skele side of.

the outer sides of thethe combina-' remote from the said bars, a sheet lathing material disposed against theside of the said stringer remote from the'frames, means formed integral with the frames for tying the stringer to the frames and for tying the 'saidflathing' material to the stringer, a plurality of runners disposed against the inner faces of the said bars, said frames havingintegral means capable V of being jammed against the sides of the runners remote from the bars so as to hold the runners against the bars and lock the hooks tothe reticulated sheet material. i

4. In a building construction, the combination of a reticulated'sheet material having aplurality of substantiallyparallel bars, a plurality of A-e 7 frames, each A-frame having a pair ofarms with hooks formed on their ends for engaging a pair of said bars, a sheet material extending along adjacent the inner face of thelreticulated sheet material but spaced therefrom, said sheet material extending along the sides of said arms so as to envelop the outersides of the A-frames, a stringer extending longitudinally withgsaid bars of the reticulated material and located remote from the reticulated material, means formed integral with the said A-frames for tying the stringers to the A-frames, and means for attaching sheet lathing material at the inner side of said stringer.

5. In a building construction, the combination of a reticulated sheet material having a plurality of substantially parallel bars, apl-urality of A- frames, each A-frame having a pair of armswith hooks formed on their ends for engagingapair of said bars, a sheet material extending along adjacent theinner face of the'reticulated sheet material but spacedtherefrom', said sheet material extending along the sides of said arms So as to envelop the outer sides of ,the A-frames, a stringer extending longitudinally with said bars of the reticulated material and located remote from the reticulated material, means formed integral with the said A-frames for tying the stringers to the A-frames, meansfor attaching sheet lathing material at the inner sideof said stringer, a runner extending transversely to, the

said bars on the sides of the bars remote from the hooks, and means formed'integrally on said armscapable of being moved intoaposition to} force said runners against said barsto secure the A-frames to'the said bars.

,6. In a building construction, the combination of a reticulated sheet materiaLhavinga plurality of substantially parallel bars, aplurality of A- frames, each A-frameihavinga pair of arms with hooks formed on their endsfor engaging a pair of said bars, a sheet material extendingalong adjacent the innercface' of the reticulated sheet material but spacedtherefrom, saidsheet mate rial extending along the sides of said arms soas to envelop thew outer sides 'of the A-frames, a

stringer extending longitudinally with said'bars,

of the reticulated material and located remote from the reticulated material, means formed integral with the said A-frames for tying the stringers to the A-frames, means for attaching sheet lathing material at the inner side of said stringer, a runner extending transversely to the said bars on the sides of the bars remote from the hooks, means formed integrally on said arms capable of being moved into a position to force said runners against said bars to'- secure the A- frames to the said bars, the ends of said arms at said hooks having sockets formed therein to receive the said runners.

7. In a building construction, the combination of a reticulated sheet material having a plurality of substantially parallel bars, a plurality of A- frames, each A-frame having a pair of arms with hooks formed on their ends for engaging a pair of said bars, a sheet material extending along adr J'acent the inner face of the reticulated sheet material but spaced therefrom, said sheet material extending along the sides of said arms so as to envelop the outer sides of the A-frames, a stringer extending longitudinally with said bars of the reticulated material and located remote from the reticulated material, means formed integral with the said A-frames for tying the stringers to the A-frames, means for attaching sheet lathing material at the inner side of said stringer, a runner extending transversely to the said bars on the sides of the bars remote from the hooks, means formed integralb on said arms capable of being moved into a position to force said runners against said bars to secure the A-frames to the said bars, said arms having integral means struck from the same adjacent the stringer but spaced therefrom for forming seats for insulating material, and an insulating material located in the space between said seats and said stringer.

8. In a building construction, the combination of a reticulated sheet material, .a plurality of aligned A-frames, the A-frame having a pair of arms with hooks formed on their ends to be hooked into the reticulated sheet material, a sheeting material covering the said A-frames and extending substantially parallel with the reticulated sheet material, a pair of wires extending transversely to the aligned A-frames and attached thereto adjacent the reticulated sheet material for holding the said sheeting on the A- frames and for holding a portion of the sheeting spaced from the said reticulated sheet, a second piece of sheeting covering the ends of the A- frames remote from the reticulated material and extending from the A-frames substantially parallel with the reticulated material, another pair of wires connecting the said A-frames at an intermediate point on said arms for holding a second-named sheeting on the A-frames, means for securing said second-named wires to the A- frames, metal lath substantially parallel with the reticulated sheet material and disposed adjacent the ends of the A-frames remote from the reticulated sheet material, a cementitious material embedding the said reticulated sheet material and extending into the interiors of the A-frames, and a molded insulating material received in the space between the said second sheeting and the metal lath.

9. In a building construction, the combination of a reticulated sheet material having a plurality of substantially parallel bars, .a plurality of aligned A-frames, each A-frame having a pair of arms with hooks formed on their ends to be hooked onto the sides of the said bars with the A-frames extending from the reticulated material on the side opposite to said hooks, a pair of wires on the outer sides of the arms of the A-frames and connecting the said A-frames, with means for securing the said wires to the arms of the A- frames, a sheeting material extending substantially parallel with the reticulated sheet material passing under the said wires and covering the outer sides of the said A-frames, a stringer extending transversely to the A-frames and connecting the ends remote from the reticulated sheet material, means for securing the stringer to said A-frames, a lath material, with means for securing the same to the stringer, and a cementitious material embedding the said reticulated sheet material and extending into the space enclosed by the said A-frames to form a stud or beam.

10. In abuilding construction, the combination of .a reticulated sheet material having a plurality of substantially parallel bars, a plurality of aligned A-frames, each A-frame having a pair of arms with hooks formed on their ends to be hooked onto the sides of the said bars with the A-frarnes extending from the reticulated material on the side opposite to said hooks, a pair of Wires on the outer sides of the arms of the A-frames and connecting the said A-frames, with means for securing the said wires to the arms of the A- frames, a sheeting material extending substantially parallel with the reticulated sheet material passing under the said wires and covering the outer sides of the said A-frames, a lath material, With means for securing the same to the inner ends of the A-frames, and a cementitious material embedding the said reticulated sheet material and extending into the space enclosed by the said A-frames to form a stud or beam, the ends of said arms adjacent said hooks having sockets formed therein, and a runner corresponding to each A-frame, received in said sockets extending transversely to said bars and lying adjacent the inner face of the reticulated sheet material.

11. In a building construction, the combination of a reticulated sheet material having a plurality of substantially parallel bars, a plurality of aligned A-frames, each A-frame having a pair of arms with hooks formed on their ends to be hooked onto the sides of the said bars with the A-frames extending from the reticulated material on the side opposite to said hooks, a pair of wires on the outer sides of the arms of the A- frames and connecting the said A-frames, with meansforsecuringthe said wires to the arms of the A-frames, a sheeting material extending substantially parallel with reticulated sheet material passing under the said wires and covering the outer sides of the said A-frames, a lath material, with means for securing the same to the A-frames, a cementitious material embedding the said reticulated sheet material and extending into the space enclosed by the said A-frames to form a stud or beam, the ends of said arms adjacent said hooks having sockets formed therein, a runner corresponding to each A-frame, received in said sockets extending transversely to said bars and lying adjacent the inner face of the reticulated sheet material, and means integral with said arms capable of being forced against the inner sides of the runners to press the same against the inner faces of said bars and secure the hooks to the reticulated sheet material.

12. In a wall construction for a building, the combination of a substantially vertical reticulated sheet material having a plurality of substantially vertical bars, a plurality of aligned A- frames having arms with hooks on their ends to be hooked to the vertical bars, horizontal runners corresponding to the arms and connecting the same, said arms having integral means to be bent against the runners opposite the hooks to secure the A-frames to the said vertical bars, a vertical stringer corresponding to the aligned A- frames and connecting the same at their ends remote from the reticulated sheet material, metal lathing, means for securing the same to the ver- 7, tical Stringer, sheeting extending substantially parallelhwith the reticulated material enveloping the outer sides of the said A-frames and operating to form a stud molding space for a stud within and connecting the A-frames, said sheeting being spaced away from said reticulated material to enable a Wall of cementitious material to be formed on the reticulated materialwith an integral studrin the stud molding space.

13. In a building construction, a frame member having a pair of connected'arms with'hooks on the ends of said arms, and having sockets in 7 their ends'adjacent said hooks to receive a cross bar, the ends of said arms remote from said .h'ooks having tongues struck from the same for securing metal lathing to the inner ends of said 7 frame members.

14. In a floorcconstruction for a building, the combination of a substantially horizontal 'reticulated sheet material, a plurality of aligned beam-frames each beam frame having a pair of arms with hooks on their ends to be hooded into frames, wires extending substantially horizontal- 1y below the reticulated material and connecting the said beam-frames for supporting the said 0 sheeting, a stringer connecting the lower ends of the beam-frames and secured to the same, and

lath material secured to the under side of said stringer, said beam-frames and said sheeting 00- operating to form a molding space for a floor of cementitious material extending down into the space surrounded by said beam-frames to form a floor-beam; V r I 15. In a wall construction, the combination of a plurality of frames spaced apart and at substantially the same level, each of said frames having a pair of arms disposed in a substantially horizontal plane, a horizontal runner connecting the outer ends of said, arms, horizontal runners connecting the other ends .of said frames and spaced from the first-named runners, substantially vertical bars on the outer sides of .said runners and located between the frames, and a spacer extending substantially atvright angles to the plane of 'the wall, said spacer having a socket in eachfend to receive one of the said runners, and having integral tongues bent around the outer sides of 'saidvertical-bars.

16. In a building construction, a frame membe having a pair of connected arms forming an acute 7 angle with each other, with hooks on the ends of said arms, and having socketsin their ends adjacentisaid hooks to receive a cross bar, the" ends of said arms remote fromsaid hooks having tongues struck from the same for securing metal 7 ends of said frame members.

lathing to the inner DON, WILLIAM WELLS. 

